Can't believe I didn't get to this year yet. Anyway, the usual deal: It can be a single, album, a later compilation focusing on the year . . . whatever. Doesn't have to be a list, though of course you can post a list if you want. You can also just post one title at a time as you think of it/run across it (which is what I do in these threads).
Along with KoB, I would add Time Out and Belefonte At Carnegie Hall. Notable, but not really on my favorites is that Davis also released Porgy and Bess along with Sketches of Spain this year.
Re Kind of Blue, by the way, make sure you hear the Legacy edition. All the extra stuff is great, but especially the final track, a 17-minute live version of "So What" from 1960 at the Hague, has what's easily one of my favorite John Coltrane solos.
The Skyliners, Since I Don't Have You: Also Marty Robbins, El Paso. I'd have to give it some thought to come up with more. 1959 was just slightly before my time musically. I spent several months in Belfast ...
What an amazing year for jazz. So many classic albums. Kind of Blue, The Shape of Jazz to Come, Time Out. Moanin' by Art Blakey has got to be my favorite though.